Hollow tile.



F. K ASSBTT. HOLLOW TILE. APPLIOA TXON TILED JUNE 36), 1913.

Patrited Apr. 28, 1914.

Wi-hwooc o Arss'r oitsics.

FEANGE'S Iii. FASi-SE'ET, OF DAYTQH, (H110, A$SIGNOR T EVANS .56 HOWARDHERE EPQIGK COMPANY, Sll. LOUIE-l, MIS$OURI,- A. CQRPQBATIGN.

HEULLOW @ILE.

Specification of Letters l'etent. I Patented Apr. l iin Applicationfiled. June 39, 1913, Serial No. 7'?6,4 99.

b all whom it may com-ere:

ills it known that l, l mno s K. FAsssrr, o. citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Dayton. in the county of Montgomery and State ofOhio, have invented a new and use ful Hollow Tile, of which thefollowing is s specification.

My invention relates more particularly to hollow tiles for buildingsanitary sewers. While tiles for this purpose are not new, those made inthe past have had certain serious faults along with some decidededvantages and one of the objects of this in- 'vention is to enshle theconstruction of tiles for sewers which embody these advent-ages whileeliminating the faults of the older forms. 4 i

Another object is to providenn interlock at the end joints of thesevcrsl tiles whereby the sewer is much strengthened.

Other advantages resulting from 1113 structure will be pointed out2111011.

in the ticcoin mnying drawing Figure l is at cross section through aportion of s cylindrical sewer built with my tiles, the section being online 1-l, Fig. 2; Fig. 2 shows two tiles shutting end on; Fig. 3 is aperspective view of o; tile, and Figs. at 5 and 6 show cement jointsbetween adjacent blocks, to illustmte how sewers ofditferent diametersrosy be built with tile-s of the same size.

Similar numerals refer to similar parts throughout the ser ral \ie'ws.

Each tile comprises a top 10, bottom 11, side or radial walls 12 sndlB.tangential web ii and vertical or radial web 15. The top. bottom, andweb lat the some length, and the top and bottom are in perpendicularalineinent with each other; 2'. c, their ends are even, while the web islongitudiholly displaced so to extend beyond the top and bottom one endThe side walls reach to this extended end sloping from approximatelywhere they join the top to the end of the web. On at line flush with thelower surface of the web 14 the side wrlls are-cut sway, back to e pointflush with the end of the bottoin. The web 15 continues out to the endof web 14 on a slope parallel with that of the side walls, the slopingends of the three radial inerhbers being,

in fact, not only parallel but in alinement, thereby faci 'itstingmanufacturing; the tiles. The web 1.5 is 'also cut away below the web Min the same manner as the side walls. Notches are cut in the oppositeends of the radial members which are complementary to the slopingextensions. except that the lower parts of the notches extend below thelower surface of the Web 14;. When similar tiles are placed end to endtheir tops. bottomsand webs abut; and since the webs 14 arelongitudinally displaced the extending end of the web of one tile entersinto the other tile and overlaps its bottom. There being a spece betweenthe web it and the bottom of each tile, there will lie a. correspondingspace between the overlapping portions of shutting tiles. The projectingportions of the radial members fillthe complementary notches in the endof the abutting tile, except below the overlappin web 14, where, becauseof the notches %)eing larger than the projections, spaces 16 are formed,these spaces being in line with and practically continuations of thespace between the overlapping portions of the tiles.

Joints between the radial walls of conliguous tiles are made with mortaror cement and in order to increase the strength of these joints thewalls 12 have curved pro jections ortongues. and walls 13 have curvedgrooves which are complementary to these tongues, both being cylindricaland formed on the same radius. The tiles being segmental in crosssection a given number will be required to make a circle. Supposing theyare made of such that it requires eleven tiles to construct athirtythree inch sewer, it has been found that ten of the same sizeblocks will complete a tl1irty-inch circle while twelve will make atliirty-six-inch circle. The circular tongue and groove constrnction ofthe sides oi the blocks permits the necessary adjustment betweencontignous tiles. Figs. 4:, ond'll show the e'll'ect of this adjustmentups] the mortar contained in the joint, Fig. l showing the form oi thejoint where tile-sore used in osew er smaller than they are made for,Fig. 5 showing the joint where the size of the sewer cor responds withthe radius of the tiles and Fig. 6 showing the form of the joint wherethe sewer is larger than the tiles are exactly ntended for.

row of tiles is so placed that its end joints terminate opposite themiddle of tiles on each side of it. In Fig, l the tiles are arranged inthis manner. In building with l flthese tiles, mortar is placed betweenthe overlapping portions of the tiles, which, connecting with the mortarin the radial joints through the sauces 16, as shown in Fig. 1, makes aser ect a seal at the ends 15. of the tiles as t at between their radialwalls. Reference to Fig. 2 will show that, because of the sloping partsof the notches of one tile being abutted by the sloping extensions ofthenext tile, the mortar joint between the ends of abutting tiles cannot besubjected to tensile strain. In other words, each tile is prevented fromup or down movement wlth rei'erence to its neighbor by means other thanadhesion of the mortar.

It will therefore be seen that the end joints are capable of standingvery great strain without sustaining in ury.

lnaddition to making a )erfect seal of very reat mechanical strengt 1between ends of in? tiles, their form ailords opportunity to utilize thesame sewer for both sanitary and surface drainage, the latter beincarried off between the outer" walls 10 and webs 14. As the end sealsare made by mortar compressed between the webs 14: and the inner walls11, the outer spaces of the tiles are kept cntirel free from .mortar andno ctl'ort is requireto'keep them thus clear.

- Minor changes might be made in the form 40 of this tile withoutdeparting from the subst-a nee or exceeding the scope of the appendedclaims. I

What 1 claim is as follows: l. A hollow tile having a top and bottomwall and an intermediate web, all of the 'sanio length and united .bytwosidc walls, the top and bottom being in perpendicular alinement witheach other, with the web being longitmliually displaced with referenceto them so it will overlap the bottom ol :1

similar tile when the two tiles are abutted end on, said longitudinaldisplacement of the web allowing room at the other end for theoverlapping end of a similar tile when they two tiles are abulted endon.

2. A hollow tile having a top and bottom wall and an intermediate web,all of the same length and united by two side walls, the top andbottonrbeing in perpendicular 5G alinemcnt \"ith each other, with theweb being longitudinally displaced witli'i eiorence to them so it willoverlap the bottom of a similar tile when the two tiles are abutted endon, said longitudinal dis ilaceinent of the web allowing room at theother end for the overlap 'nng end of a similar tile when the two tilesare abuttcd end on, a portion In layingup the tiles it is customary to 5break oints that 1s, each longitudinal oi? each side wall being, removedat his end to form spaces 16. p

3. A hollow tile having a to and bottom wall and an intermediate we, allof the same length and united by two side walls, the top and bottombeing in per endicular ulinornent with each other, with t e web beinglongitudinally displaced with reference to them so it will overlap thebottom of a similar tile when the two tiles are abutted end on, saidlongitudinal displacement of the web allowing room at the other end forthe overlapping end of a similar tile when the two tiles are abut-tedend on, and means incorporated in the side walls whereby the distancebetween the bottom and the overlapping end of an abutting tile isprevented from exceeding the distance from said bottom to its own web.

4. A hollow tile having a to I and bottom wall and an intermediate weall of the same length and united by two side walls, the top and bottombeing in perpendicular alinement with each other while the web islongitudinally displaced so as to extend beyond them at one end, theside walls reaching to said end, sloping from approximately where theyjoin the top to theend of the web, but being cut away on a line with thelower surface of the web back to the bottom, the opposite ends of theside walls having notches complementary to the extending ends, exceptthat the lower portions of the notches ext-end lower down.

A hollow tile of segmental cross section having two concentric walls andan intern'iediate tangential web, all of the same length and united byradial walls, the concentric walls being in alinement with each otherwhile the web is longitudinhlly displaced so as to extend beyond them atone end. the radial walls reaching to said end,

sloping from approximately where they;

inner wall, the opposite ends of the radial walls having notchescomplemei'itary to the extending ends, except that the lower portions ofthe notches extend lower down.

(i. A hollow tile of segmental cross section having two concentric wallsand an intermediate tangential web, all of the same length and united byradial walls and a radial web, the concentric walls being in alinemcntwith each other while the tangential web is longitudinally displacedsons to extend beyond them at one end, the radial walls and web reachingto said end, the former sloping from where they join the outer wall tothe end of the tangential web,

the radial wee also sloping to meet the end tary to-fiie exlremlingends, except that the efthe tangentlel web, its slope being in linelower pertions f the notches: extend lower 10 and parallel with those ofthe radial Walls down.

to a line erpendieular with the end of the r enter Wall from which pointthe end of the FRANCIS T web is flush Withand perpendicular t0 saidWitnesses: outer wall, the opposite ends of the radial C. H. KRUGER,.

Wells and web having notches complemen- F. H. FASBETI.

